I-03 — connections

the chain is only as strong as the link.

connection designer

size the bolts. check the shear.

Pick bolt count and diameter, set the demand — the connection detail and capacity bar update live.

bolts4
diameter
Vu (kips)50
total φRn (kips)
live equation
set values above to see the live calculation
Rn = Nominal shear strength per bolt
Ab = Cross-sectional area of one bolt
Fnv = Allowable bolt shear stress from AISC Table J3.2
n = Total bolts in the connection
explained
Connection capacity is governed by the weakest failure mode: bolt shear, bolt bearing on the plate, net section tearout, or block shear. Each mode has its own equation and resistance factor. The connection must have enough capacity in every mode to transfer the beam reaction to the column.
key concepts
overviewBolt shear governs simple connections

Members don't float in space — they connect. A bolted shear connection transfers beam reactions through bolts in shear. Each bolt has a shear capacity (φRn per bolt). Total connection capacity = number of bolts × capacity per bolt. The beam web and plate also need checks (bearing, tearout, block shear), but bolt shear usually governs for simple connections. Values shown use A325-N bolts in single shear with φ = 0.75.

the chain is only as strong as its weakest linkConnection capacity must match member capacity

A perfectly designed beam connected to a perfectly designed column means nothing if the connection between them fails. Connections must transfer the forces that the members are designed to carry — shear, moment, or both. A shear connection (the most common type) transfers only the vertical reaction from the beam to the support. The connection's capacity must equal or exceed the beam's end reaction.

how bolts transfer forceBolt capacity depends on diameter, grade, and shear planes

In a bolted shear connection, bolts transfer force through shear across their cross-section. Each bolt has a capacity based on its diameter, grade, and number of shear planes. For A325-N bolts in single shear: the capacity is φRn = φ × Fnv × Ab where Fnv is the nominal shear stress (54 ksi) and Ab is the bolt area. Total connection capacity = number of bolts × capacity per bolt. The tool below lets you size a simple bolted connection.